Spanish colonization ☝️ Click to use flashcards

APUSH Unit 2 Review

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Matteo Z

Everything* you need to know for unit 2 (1607 - 1754)

U.S. History

Timeline

1585

Roanoke Colony

Definition

Britians first colony, established in outer banks, NC. When they came back, it was abandonded

1607

Popham Colony

Definition

Britian's second colony, in Maine, it lasted around a year, but they ran out of food and left

1607

Jamestown

Definition

The first permanent English settlement in North America, found in East Virginia by a joint stock company

1630

Massachusetts Bay Colony

Definition

Colony founded by John Winthrop, part of the Great Puritan Migration, founded by puritans. Had a theocratic republic. "City upon a hill"

1636

Pequot war

Definition

Pequot tribe vs connecticut settlers. Started witht eh murder of 2 english traders. It was part of a larger dispute over trade

1651

Navigation Acts

Definition

Colonists were required to ship certain products exclusively to England. These acts made colonists very angry because they were forbidden from trading with other countries.

1675

King Philip's war

Definition

King Metacomet (King Philip), forges a massive military alliance with other native tribes and attacked Massachusetts in retaliation for the praying towns

1676

Bacons rebellion

Definition

British settlers wanted more land for growing tobacco and they stole it from the natives. The natives retaliated, which infuriated the colonists. When Governor William Berkeley refused to send troops, Nathanial Bacon led angry poor farmers on an attack against the natives, and then on farms owned by Governor Berkeley.

Effects

The rebellion was put down by British warships. The Virginia Elites reduced taxes and became more aggressive with native americans. Also they switched to using African slaves for labor.

1730

First great awakening

Definition

A revitalization of religious piety that swept through the American colonies between the 1730s and the 1770s.

Causes

The movement was a reaction against the waning of religion and the spread of skepticism during the Enlightenment

Terms


Spanish colonization	Colonized to extract wealth through mining and cash crops
French colonization	Expanding the fur trade, later plantations in Louisiana
Dutch colonization	Fur trade and other economic reasons
British colonization	Economic and religious liberty
Asiento System	System that took slaves to the New World to work for the Spanish. Required that a tax be paid to the Spanish ruler for each slave brought over.
Roanoke Colony	Britians first colony, established in outer banks, NC. When they came back, it was abandonded
Popham Colony	Britian's second colony, in Maine, it lasted around a year, but they ran out of food and left
Jamestown	The first permanent English settlement in North America, found in East Virginia by a joint stock company
joint-stock company Limited liability company	A business, often backed by a government charter, that sold shares to individuals to raise money for its trading enterprises and to spread the risks (and profits) among many investors.
Indentured Servants	Colonists who received free passage to North America in exchange for working without pay for a certain number of years
Plymouth	Colony settled by the Pilgrims. It eventually merged with Massachusetts Bay colony.
Massachusetts Bay Colony	Colony founded by John Winthrop, part of the Great Puritan Migration, founded by puritans. Had a theocratic republic. "City upon a hill"
Puritan culture	Family seen as foundation of social fabric
Roger Williams	A dissenter who clashed with the Massachusetts Puritans over separation of church and state and was banished in 1636, after which he founded the colony of Rhode Island to the south
Anne Hutchinson	A Puritan woman who was well learned that disagreed with the Puritan Church in Massachusetts Bay Colony. Her actions resulted in her banishment from the colony, and later took part in the formation of Rhode Island. She displayed the importance of questioning authority.
Dutch Wedge	New Netherlands separated England's northern and southern colonies, until they just took it with very little resistance
Navigation Acts	Colonists were required to ship certain products exclusively to England. These acts made colonists very angry because they were forbidden from trading with other countries.
Rise 0f Chesapeake slavery	Laws helped codify racial differneces. They wanted to prevent the growth of the free black population by banning interracial marriage. Also slavery was becoming cheaper than indentured servitude
Bacons rebellion	British settlers wanted more land for growing tobacco and they stole it from the natives. The natives retaliated, which infuriated the colonists. When Governor William Berkeley refused to send troops, Nathanial Bacon led angry poor farmers on an attack against the natives, and then on farms owned by Governor Berkeley.
Pequot war	Pequot tribe vs connecticut settlers. Started witht eh murder of 2 english traders. It was part of a larger dispute over trade
King Philip's war	King Metacomet (King Philip), forges a massive military alliance with other native tribes and attacked Massachusetts in retaliation for the praying towns
Praying towns	Towns in new england where native Americans were forced to live. They we're supposed to be for their protection, but really, it was to steal their land and convert them to christianity
First great awakening	A revitalization of religious piety that swept through the American colonies between the 1730s and the 1770s.
Johnathan Edwards	Theologian and philosopher who objected to predestination and helped cause the first great awakening by preaching to large crowds
George Whitefield	A staunch Calvinist who began preaching outdoors in England. He moved to the colonies in 1740. In 2 years he was able to speak to over a quarter of the American population
James Oglethorpe	Got the royal charter for Georgia because he wanted to establish a colony for the "worthy poor" (the people in debtors prisions). England also wanted protection from Spanish Florida.
Georgia government	Very strict. Max land ownership, no slavery, alcohol, or Catholics. By 1740's Georgians wanted normal english liberties so these restrictions went away.

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