Colonized to extract wealth through mining and cash crops
Treatment of natives: Spanish colonization
Wanted to convert them, used forced labor, and established a caste system
Location of Colonies: Spanish colonization
South America, the Caribbean, and Mexico/Western United States
Religion: Spanish colonization
Catholic missions for converting native americans
French colonization
Expanding the fur trade, later plantations in Louisiana
Treatment of natives: French colonization
viewed them as potential economic and military allies. maintained good relations with the tribes they encountered. Also, they married them
Location of Colonies: French colonization
Canada, Louisiana territory, New Orleans, and some islands in the Carribbean
Religion: French colonization
Protestant, but religion wasn't a focal point
Dutch colonization
Fur trade and other economic reasons
Treatment of natives: Dutch colonization
They didn't really care about converting them
Location of Colonies: Dutch colonization
New york, New Jersey, Delaware. Formed the dutch wedge
Religion: Dutch colonization
Freedom and diversity of religion
British colonization
Economic and religious liberty
Treatment of natives: British colonization
They took they're land and were frequently fighting, but they didn't really rely on them for labor
Location of Colonies: British colonization
The east coast of the United States and some islands in the Caribbean
Asiento System
System that took slaves to the New World to work for the Spanish. Required that a tax be paid to the Spanish ruler for each slave brought over.
Roanoke Colony
Britians first colony, established in outer banks, NC. When they came back, it was abandonded
Popham Colony
Britian's second colony, in Maine, it lasted around a year, but they ran out of food and left
: Popham Colony
Jamestown
The first permanent English settlement in North America, found in East Virginia by a joint stock company
joint-stock company
A business, often backed by a government charter, that sold shares to individuals to raise money for its trading enterprises and to spread the risks (and profits) among many investors.
Indentured Servants
Colonists who received free passage to North America in exchange for working without pay for a certain number of years
Plymouth
Colony settled by the Pilgrims. It eventually merged with Massachusetts Bay colony.
Massachusetts Bay Colony
Colony founded by John Winthrop, part of the Great Puritan Migration, founded by puritans. Had a theocratic republic. "City upon a hill"
Puritan culture
Family seen as foundation of social fabric
Roger Williams
A dissenter who clashed with the Massachusetts Puritans over separation of church and state and was banished in 1636, after which he founded the colony of Rhode Island to the south
Anne Hutchinson
A Puritan woman who was well learned that disagreed with the Puritan Church in Massachusetts Bay Colony. Her actions resulted in her banishment from the colony, and later took part in the formation of Rhode Island. She displayed the importance of questioning authority.
Dutch Wedge
New Netherlands separated England's northern and southern colonies, until they just took it with very little resistance
Navigation Acts
Colonists were required to ship certain products exclusively to England. These acts made colonists very angry because they were forbidden from trading with other countries.
Rise 0f Chesapeake slavery
Laws helped codify racial differneces. They wanted to prevent the growth of the free black population by banning interracial marriage. Also slavery was becoming cheaper than indentured servitude
Bacons rebellion
British settlers wanted more land for growing tobacco and they stole it from the natives. The natives retaliated, which infuriated the colonists. When Governor William Berkeley refused to send troops, Nathanial Bacon led angry poor farmers on an attack against the natives, and then on farms owned by Governor Berkeley.
Effects: Bacons rebellion
The rebellion was put down by British warships. The Virginia Elites reduced taxes and became more aggressive with native americans. Also they switched to using African slaves for labor.
Pequot war
Pequot tribe vs connecticut settlers. Started witht eh murder of 2 english traders. It was part of a larger dispute over trade
King Philip's war
King Metacomet (King Philip), forges a massive military alliance with other native tribes and attacked Massachusetts in retaliation for the praying towns
Praying towns
Towns in new england where native Americans were forced to live. They we're supposed to be for their protection, but really, it was to steal their land and convert them to christianity
First great awakening
A revitalization of religious piety that swept through the American colonies between the 1730s and the 1770s.
Causes: First great awakening
The movement was a reaction against the waning of religion and the spread of skepticism during the Enlightenment
Johnathan Edwards
Theologian and philosopher who objected to predestination and helped cause the first great awakening by preaching to large crowds
George Whitefield
A staunch Calvinist who began preaching outdoors in England. He moved to the colonies in 1740. In 2 years he was able to speak to over a quarter of the American population
James Oglethorpe
Got the royal charter for Georgia because he wanted to establish a colony for the "worthy poor" (the people in debtors prisions). England also wanted protection from Spanish Florida.
Georgia government
Very strict. Max land ownership, no slavery, alcohol, or Catholics. By 1740's Georgians wanted normal english liberties so these restrictions went away.