Reduced the tax on molasses, but strengthened the court system to end smuggling, making many wealthy smugglers angry.
Boost!
Boost!
Indentured Servants
Embraced the changing culture with respect to gender roles and scientific discoveries
Lived in urban areas
Dawes actBroke up tribal organizations and divided up tribal land and gave U.S. citizenship to natives who "Americanized" themselves
Black PanthersAdvocated violence when necessary in defense of black rights
Sioux warsSioux initally won a deceive victory against the U.S. army.
New American identity
FederalistsStrong national government
The idea that the problems within American society could only be fixed through vigorous government intervention.
Jackson Vetos Second Bank of the U.S.Supported by Henry Clay and created under the American system
War hawkesYounger Americans who had been born after the revolution, were ardent nationalists, and wanted war with Britain to invade Florida and Canada.
Established the southern border of the United States and granted a huge portion of land known as the Mexican cession which included California and new Mexico
Frozen!
Frozen!
Confirmed ability of a Republican Government to defend itself. Americans completed conquest of everything east of the Mississippi. War broke remaining indigenous power, and white settlers poured in to former native lands.
Monroe doctrineEstablished the western hemisphere as a U.S.-dominated sphere of influence without European involvement.
Made discrimination on the basis of race, religion, or sex illegal
Federalists met in opposition to the war of 1812, and even argued that new england should suceed.
Declaratory actParliament repealed the stamp act, but enacted the declaratory act, saying they could pass any law they wanted.
Republican party formedA coalition of free soilers and whigs and northern democrats who's goal was to stop the spread of slavery.
First major recession in the United States
Texan independence
Black codes
Baker vs. CarrMandated fair congressional districts
Battle of Bunker hillBritish won, but had many casualties. They eventually abandoned Boston
Frozen!
Frozen!
Dutch WedgeNew Netherlands separated England's northern and southern colonies, until they just took it with very little resistance
Believed in active government and he grew the government more than any president before him.
Enabled manufacturers to produce huge quantities of steel
Growth of immigration
Bacons rebellion
Charles FinneyNew york preacher who spoke powerfully with images that common folks could understand.
Malcom XAdvocated countering white violence with black violence
Boost!
Boost!
New party led by Henry Clay. Main difference was disagreement over federal power
Southern resistance to integrationArgued that the Supreme Court had engaged in a gross abuse of power
King Philip's warKing Metacomet (King Philip), forges a massive military alliance with other native tribes and attacked Massachusetts in retaliation for the praying towns
France and others wanted their debt paid back, yet the national government didn’t have money. States had individual economies that didn’t collaborate.
Phyllis SchlaflyOrganized the conservative opposition to the Equal Rights Amendment
Townshend ActsIn opposing the stamp act, the colonists said trade should be regulated instead. Parliament passed the townshend acts and began taxing imports and exports.
Treaty of New EchotaSneaky deal that exchanged Cherokee land in Georgia for a reservation territory west of the Mississippi River.
Colonial attitude towards independenceThey didn’t want it. Initially the revolution was a petition to get the same rights as other British citizens
Prohibited prayers in school
Bacons rebellionBritish settlers wanted more land for growing tobacco and they stole it from the natives. The natives retaliated, which infuriated the colonists. When Governor William Berkeley refused to send troops, Nathanial Bacon led angry poor farmers on an attack against the natives, and then on farms owned by Governor Berkeley.
Decolonization
Frozen!
Frozen!
XYZ affairFrench and british continued to kidnap american sailors, so Adams sent ministers to negotiate. When they arrived, 3 agents demanded a bribe just to speak to the foreign minister. John Adams almost declared war.
Direct election of senatorsGave citizens the right to vote for their senators. Progressives argued this helped take senators out of the pockets of millionaires and big business
2nd Continental CongressHow would the colonists win? George Washington would lead an army
How would they pay for it? New currency
John D. RockefellerPioneered horizontal integration, where one company controls every seller in the market.
Muckrakers
Boost!
Boost!
Wanted to correct the concentration of power held by banks and trusts. Proposed the Omaha platform: Direct election of senators, more referendums, graduated income tax, and an 8-hour workday
Labor unionsWorkers formed labor unions to have more negotiating power and fight for better pay and working conditions
18th amendment passed
Stamp act congress
Great society
former slave who trained other black men to become economically self-sufficient, and argued this was a better way to gain power than to campaign for better voting rights
Frozen!
Frozen!
The middle groundThe areas where both colonists and native people would trade and coexist
Homestead act
Anti-Saloon league
Believed the president should set the legislative agenda for Congress. He led congress to pass a series of laws on consumer protection and enviornmental conservation
Tammany Hall
Sought to abolish all forms of segregation and expand educational opportunities for black children (and others)
American protective associationHeavily anti-catholic and Social Darwinists