Debates over moneyFarmers wanted to print more money so they could more easily pay back their debts, but the bankers and the wealthy wanted to keep the U.S. Dollar on the gold standard
American protective association
Indian appropriation actcongress sparked a new fight with the Sioux, by passing a law that nullified all previous treaties made with native Americans
Ida B. Wells
Made monopolizing an entire market illegal
Political machinesCorrupt political bosses and their followers
16 million immigrants (mostly from Europe) came looking for better economic opportunities
Sioux initally won a deceive victory against the U.S. army.
White collar workers
Assimilationist movement
Andrew Carnegie argued that those with wealth should invest it into society
NAWSAWorked to secure voting rights for women
Anti-Saloon leagueWorked to close down saloons
Changes in farmingA new focus on cash-crops in the north and west, and a shift to more expensive mechanized farming methods put smaller farms out of business. Big trusts that farmers relied on (like railroads) also raised prices, making it even harder for farmers to make a living
Laissez-faire economicsThere was an extreme lack of government regulation of the economy at the time
Frozen!
Frozen!
Andrew Carnegie
Knights of laborNational union open to ALL laborers. Wanted to end child labor and end trusts
Views on immigrationFeared that factory owners would use immigrants to keep wages low and to replace striking workers
Haymarket square riotAnarchists set off a bomb during a Knights of labor protest in Chicago for an 8-hour workweek. Many people began to see the labor movement as violent and radical
Grew to over a million members by 1901 and had some modest successes
Populist partyWanted to correct the concentration of power held by banks and trusts. Proposed the Omaha platform: Direct election of senators, more referendums, graduated income tax, and an 8-hour workday
Broke up tribal organizations and divided up tribal land and gave U.S. citizenship to natives who "Americanized" themselves
Women's Christian Temperance Union
Settlement housesProvided resources to the poor to enrich the neighborhood. Largely led by women
Tammany HallThe most famous political machine organized and met the needs of immigrants and the poor in exchange for votes
Jim Crow lawsForced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties
American federation of labor
Frozen!
Frozen!
Boost!
Boost!
Great railroad strike
Indian appropriation actcongress sparked a new fight with the Sioux, by passing a law that nullified all previous treaties made with native Americans
Dawes act
Tammany HallThe most famous political machine organized and met the needs of immigrants and the poor in exchange for votes
16 million immigrants (mostly from Europe) came looking for better economic opportunities
Labor unionsWorkers formed labor unions to have more negotiating power and fight for better pay and working conditions
Bessemer process
Sioux wars
Idea that the future of the south would be based on economic diversity and industrial growth. Massive growth of population, industry, and railroads. Only in limited industrial centers though.
Political machinesCorrupt political bosses and their followers
White collar workersAll the industrialization created a new type of work for managers and administrators who ran the factories instead of working in them
Frozen!
Frozen!
Laissez-faire economics
Changes in farming
National Grange movementSocial and educational collective aimed at brining farmers together. Soon became political to lobby for farmers
Populist party
Views on immigrationFeared that factory owners would use immigrants to keep wages low and to replace striking workers
Jim Crow lawsForced segregation and prevented african americans from exercising their civil liberties
Railroads supported by the government through money and land grants
International migration society
Editor of a newspaper editorialized against lynching and jim crow. She fled north due to threats against her
Gospel of wealthAndrew Carnegie argued that those with wealth should invest it into society
Homestead act
Chinese exclusion actNativists successfully pressured Congress to stop the flow of Chinese immigrants who were coming over during the gold rush.
Andrew Carnegie
Interstate commerce actRequired railroad rates to be reasonable and just, and established a federal commission to oversee the railroads
Pendleton ActPolitical appointments were very corrupt after a guy shot the president because he didn't get a job, congress passed the Pendleton Act, which created an exam that was used for deciding who would get a job
John D. RockefellerPioneered horizontal integration, where one company controls every seller in the market.