Starting in 1865 many Americans started pushing westward again after the interruption of the civil war
Changes in farming
Labor unions
Workers formed labor unions to have more negotiating power and fight for better pay and working conditions
Worked to close down saloons
Chinese exclusion act
Nativists successfully pressured Congress to stop the flow of Chinese immigrants who were coming over during the gold rush.
Andrew Carnegie
Reservation system
Political appointments were very corrupt after a guy shot the president because he didn't get a job, congress passed the Pendleton Act, which created an exam that was used for deciding who would get a job
Dawes act
Haymarket square riot
Anarchists set off a bomb during a Knights of labor protest in Chicago for an 8-hour workweek. Many people began to see the labor movement as violent and radical
Bessemer process
Enabled manufacturers to produce huge quantities of steel
Gave settlers 160 acres of land if they lived there for 5 years.
NAWSA
Worked to secure voting rights for women
Editor of a newspaper editorialized against lynching and jim crow. She fled north due to threats against her
International migration society
Ghost dance movement
nationwide movement of resistance. They began to believe that if they took up the ritualistic ghost dance, that their ancestors would return and drive the Americans out.
American protective association
Knights of labor
The new south
Laissez-faire economics
There was an extreme lack of government regulation of the economy at the time
White collar workers
All the industrialization created a new type of work for managers and administrators who ran the factories instead of working in them
Corrupt political bosses and their followers
Pullman strike
After a railroad car manufacturer cut wages, and the union tried to negotiate, the company failed them all. The railroad union decided to not work on any trains with Pullman cars in them. The railroad owners tied the Pullman cars to mail trains in order to get the government to keep them moving, and the union members were jailed
Sioux wars
Sioux initally won a deceive victory against the U.S. army.
National Grange movement
Social and educational collective aimed at brining farmers together. Soon became political to lobby for farmers
Booker T. Washington
former slave who trained other black men to become economically self-sufficient, and argued this was a better way to gain power than to campaign for better voting rights
Indian appropriation act
Assimilationist movement
A severe economic depression during which nearly a quarter of railroads declared bankruptcy. This caused bankers to buy up many of the railroads, leading to consolidation.
Populist party
