King Louis the 14th repealed the edict of Nantes
Workers Guilds
associations of artisans organized to regulate the quality, quantity, and price of the goods produced as well as the number of affiliated apprentices and journeymen
Agriculture Revolution (1600s-1800s)
William of Orange
Before becoming king of England with Mary, he led the Calvinist revolt against Spain in the Netherlands in the 80 years war
Divine right to rule, conflicts with parliament over money needed to put down rebellions, and conflict with puritans over religion. King Charles I married a catholic.
Tried to shape Russian culture to fit the image of Western Europe. Ex: Beard tax
Jean Colbert's mercantilist policies
Balance of Power
Peter the great reforms
Visited Europe and convinced Russia needed to westernize and that he wanted to consolidate power for himself. Political reform, religious reform, cultural reform. To pay for the reforms, he tripled taxes so the peasants hated him
English Bill of Rights (1689)
Included provisions for parliament, not the monarch to levy taxes. Stipulated that when parliament made a law, it couldn't be overturned by the monarch
Jethro Tull's seed drill
Made sure seeds were planted at exact intervals and made sure they were covered with dirt
Absolutism causes
“I am the state”
Said by Louis the 14th, the absolute ruler of france
The protectorate
The republic in England established by Oliver Cromwell, though in reality, it was a military dictatorship
Peter the great's religious reform
Reorganized the Russian Orthodox Church and replaced leadership with his appointees
During the Industrial Revolution, insurance started to gain prevalence. Insurance for entrepreneurs gave them the confidence to invest a very large amount of money on industrializing
End of the English civl war
Oliver Cromwell captured King Charles I and did away with political opposition in parliament, and then had King Charles beheaded.
Military impact of balance of power wars
Nations who expanded their military found themselves on the winning side of balance of power. Started an arms race as France, Sweden and others rapidly expanded their military after the 30 years war
Dutch States General
Parliaments army in the English civl war led by Oliver Cromwell
Last unsuccessful Ottoman attempt to take central Europe in 1683, cementing Habsburg control in southeastern Europe and ending Ottoman westward expansion.
Restoration period
Parliament restores the monarchy after the protectorate and appoints Charles 2nd.
The fronde
Rebellion of French nobles against cardinal mazarin, who was consolidating state power and taking away from the nobles. The Fronde threw France into chaos and cardinal mazarin eventually prevailed. The people realized they needed strong king
What did the Palace of Versailles do?
Rump Parliament
Conflict between the king, parliament, and other elites over their respective roles in the political structure
Weak constitutional monarchy of Poland, was split between Austria, Prussia, and Russia worked together to divide Poland. Did this to maintain the balance of power between each other
Peace of Utrecht (1713)
Oliver Cromwells dictatorship
Held on to power at all costs and didn't give people the rights he had promised them
Puritans
A religious group who wanted to purify the Church of England.
