Hugenots
French Protestants
Social order in 16th century europe
Land ownership important, wealth important, religion, and patriarchy (less in rural areas)
Frederick 1st
Helped start the 30 years war because he challenged the catholic absolutism of the holy Roman emperor Ferdinand 2nd
Massacre of Vassy
Murder of Huguenots by Catholics: considered the incident that led to war
Edict of Nantes
Roman Inquisition
A Catholic court that inquired into the beliefs of people to see if they were heretics
Catherine de Medici had thousands of Protestants killed at Henry of Navarre's wedding
Defenestration of Prague
Holy Roman emperor Ferdinand 2nd shut down several lutheran churches in Bohemia. They then threw those officials out of a window.
Stocks
nepotism
favoritism to relatives
Indulgences
Anabaptists
A Protestant sect that believed only adults could make a free choice regarding religion; they also advocated pacifism, separation of church and state, and democratic church organization.
Catholics defeated the Protestants and reestablished Catholicism (bohemian phase)
Double entry book keeping
Peace of Westphalia
the peace treaty that ended the Thirty Years' War in 1648. Marked the end of Europe's religious wars, amended the Augsburg agreement, and weakened the holy Roman emperor
French Phase (1635-1648)
Used this war as an excuse to fight the Habsburgs in Spain in order to assure that they would not rebound from the Protestant defeats
30 years war: Bohemian Phase (1618-1625)
Simony
King of Denmark, who was Protestant, led attacks against the Catholics. War is transforming from a local conflict, to a tran-national war
Swedish Phase (1630-1635)
Marks the point at which the war extended beyond the borders of the Holy Roman Empire and became a proper European war. King gustavus Adolphus, a brilliant strategist scored major victories for the Protestants, with aid from France.
Peace of Augsburg
Catholic Reformation
Religious reform movement within the Latin Christian Church, begun in response to the Protestant Reformation. It clarified Catholic theology and reformed clerical training and discipline in response to Protestant reforms.
Witch hunts
Diet of Worms
called by Holy Roman Emperor Charles V in 1521. Luther was ordered to recant but he refused. Charles V declared Luther an outlaw.
Index of Prohibited Books
A list of Books, created by the Catholic Church, that supported Protestantism or that were overly critical of the Church were banned. Possession could be severe.
Council of Trent
Aimed to reform the church and reconcile with Protestants. They cracked down on corruption and created a spiritual reawakening.
members of the Society of Jesus, a Roman Catholic religious order founded by Ignatius of Loyola
Predestination
Calvinist belief that God long ago determined who would gain salvation
