Adenine |
Nitrogenous base in both RNA and DNA, pairs with Thymine |
Antiparallel Orientation |
The opposite arrangement of the sugar-phosphate backbones in a DNA double helix |
Base Pairing Rules |
In DNA, Adenine pairs with Thymine while Guanine pairs with Cytosine |
Chargaff's Rule |
There are equal amounts of Adenine to Thymine and Guanine to Cytosine |
Chromosome |
Thread-like structures made of DNA and proteins found in the nucleus of most living cells. They carry genetic information in the form of genes |
Cytosine |
Nitrogenous base in both RNA and DNA, pairs with Guanine |
DNA |
Molecule that carries genetic information |
Gene |
They are segments of DNA that contain the instructions for building proteins, which are essential for the structure, function, and regulation of the body's cells, tissues, and organs |
Guanine |
Nitrogenous base in both RNA and DNA, pairs with Cytosine |
Hydrogen Bonding |
Attractive force between a hydrogen molecule covalently bonded to an electronegative molecule |
mRNA |
Messenger RNA is a type of RNA that carries genetic information from the DNA in the nucleus to the cytoplasm |
Nucleic Acids |
Organic molecules that play essential roles regarding genetic information |
Nucleotides |
Building blocks of DNA and RNA |
Purines |
One of two types of nitrogenous bases, it is characterized by their two fused rings. The two bases are adenine and guanine |
Pyrimidines |
One of the two types of nitrogenous bases, They are characterized by a six-membered ring structure composed of four carbon atoms and two nitrogen atoms.The two bases are thymine and cytosine. |
RNA |
A molecule that is essential for the expression of genetic information encoded in DNA and serves as a mediator between DNA and proteins. |
rRNA |
Ribosomal RNA is a structural part of ribosomes |
Sugar-Phosphate Backbone |
Forms the structural framework of nucleic acids |
Thymine |
One of the four nitrogenous bases, it pairs with Adenine in DNA. |
tRNA |
Transfer RNA transports amino acids to the ribosome during protein synthesis |
Uracil |
One of the four nitrogenous bases, it pairs with Adenine in RNA. |
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