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Industrial Revolution Inventors

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Jethro Tull (1708)'s mechanical seed drill ☝️ Click to use flashcards

Industrial Revolution Inventors

36 Flashcards 0 recently 0/10

Ryan T

for AP Euro

European history

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Jethro Tull (1708)'s mechanical seed drill
 Helped plant crops
Thomas Newcomen (1712)'s steam engine
 First commercially successful (though kind of clumsy) steam engine, used to pump water out of coal mines. Big deal, since we've just unlocked a new power source.
John Kay (1733)'s flying shuttle
 Tremendously helped with making weaving easier, used in the putting-out industry at first.
James Brindley (1761)'s Bridgewater Canal
 Allowed for barges to carry coal from Worsely to Manchester
James Hargreaves (1765)'s spinning jenny
 Automated thread spinning
Richard Arkwright's water frame (1769)
 More efficient thread spinning
James Watt's efficient steam engine (1765)
 Like fifty years later, they finally came out with a steam engine with a condensing chamber, making it more efficient. Also a pretty big deal.
First steam-powered mill (1779)
 Crompton's "mule" + Spinning jenny and water frame fully automated weaving process. Yeah.
Cartwright's power loom (1787)
 According to wikipedia:
William Murdock's cool thing he did (1792)
 Lit his home using coal gas. Also, he was James Watt's assistant.
Eli Whitney (1793)'s cotton gin
 This separated the useful raw cotton from its seeds, making the cotton industry much more profitable. It had mixed effects — remember how a lot of cotton was farmed using slave labor.
Robert Trevithick (1801)'s steam locomotive demonstration
 George Stephenson's Rocket, 1829, would lead to great railroad infrastructure, which helped with city planning, made moving to the city easier, and made trade and large-scale commerce much better. For example, now placing factories in population centers made more sense. (I barely understand why myself, but okay)
Robert Fulton (1807)'s Clermont
 The first successful steamboat. Like the locomotive, made trade so, so much better. For example, now the US could leverage its advantage in having the Mississippi river.
Marc Brunel's first underwater tunnel (1826-1842)
 Under the Thames
Liverpool and Manchester Railway (1830)
 Began the first regular commercial rail service
Michael Faraday (1831)'s discovery of electromagnetic currents
 Made generators and electrical engines possible
Charles Babbage (1834)'s analytic engine
 First ancestor of the computer
Samuel F. B. Morse's telegraph and Morse Code (1837)
 This would allow for long-distance communication
Daguerre's daguerrotype (1838)
 Early form of photography
Joseph Monier (1849)
 Reinforced Concrete
Gasoline refinement
 First occurred in 1850. Gasoline is an important fuel source.
Singer's first practical sewing machine (1851)
 Allowed for more sewing, including at-home
Henry Bessemir's steel converter (1854)
 Revolutionized the production of steel
First transatlantic cable completed
 1858
Cathode rays discovered
 1858
Alfred Nobel's dynamite (1867)
 First high explosive that could be safely handled. Useful for mining and clearing areas for infrastructure.
Alexander Graham Bell's telephone (1876)
 Made communicating across long distances much easier, but such conversations still had to be done in public, etc.,
Thomas Alva Edison's phonograph (1877)
 This is a record player. Useful for music, instructions, etc.,
Thomas Edison (1879)
 Invented the incandescent lamp. Though he was, in general, prone to rude tendencies.
First skyscraper (10 stories tall) (in Chicago)
 1883
Brooklyn Bridge opened (1883)
 Large suspension bridge, "triumph of engineering."
Hiram Maxim's machine gun (1884)
 Mass slaughter is now possible, begins mechanization of warfare. Unfortunately, as some predicted, his machine gun did not prevent war — people still fought, despite these monsters being on the battlefield.
Karl Benz's internal-combustion automobile engine (1885)
 cars go vroom
Eiffel Tower (1889)
 For the World Exposition in Paris
Gugliemo Marconi (1896)'s wireless telegraph patent
 Useful for, like, ship distress calls. Say, for example, the one the Titanic sent out.
Gugliemo Marconi (1901) transatlantic radio message
 From Cape Cod, Massachusetts.