Does the 2nd Amendment apply to state and local governments through the 14th Amendment's due process clause and thus prevent states from banning gun ownership? 1st Amendment freedom of speech Does the 6th Amendment's right to counsel in criminal cases extend to defendants in state courts, even in cases in which the death penalty is not at issue? until it was overturned decades later, Schenck v. US was used to uphold the Espionage Act, causing many other convictions

During World War I, Schenck, secretary of the socialist party, mailed a pamphlets to draftees declaring that the Thirteenth Amendment prohibition against involuntary servitude meant that the draft was unconstitutional. He was charged with violation of the Espionage Act and sued saying that he was just exercising free speech (1919) Gideon was convicted for a felony in florida where there were no state laws protecting right to an attorney. in prison he researched law and sued citing violations of his 6th amendment rights (1963) Does a law that limits the ability of corporations and labor unions to spend their own money to advocate the election or defeat of a candidate violate the First Amendment's guarantee of free speech? Does the reading of a nondenominational prayer at the start of the school day violate the establishment clause of the First Amendment?

McDonald v. Chicago facts Schenck v. US clause Shaw v. Reno clause Engel v. Vitale facts

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